Ma Crucibles ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazida zamagetsi ndipo amakhala ngati zotengera zosungunulira ndi kuyenga zamadzimadzi zachitsulo, komanso zotenthetsera ndi kuchitapo kanthu zosakaniza zamadzimadzi zolimba. Amapanga maziko owonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino.
Crucibles akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu:graphite crucibles, zitsulo zadothi, ndi zitsulo zitsulo.
Zithunzi za Graphite Crucibles:
Ma graphite crucibles amapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku graphite yachilengedwe ya crystalline, kusunga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala za graphite yachilengedwe. Amakhala ndi ma conductivity abwino amafuta komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri. Akamagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri, amawonetsa ma coefficients owonjezera otentha, kuwapangitsa kuti asagwirizane ndi kutentha komanso kuzizira kofulumira. Ma graphite crucibles amakhala ndi dzimbiri kukana kwa acidic ndi alkaline mayankho ndipo amawonetsa kukhazikika kwamankhwala.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apamwambawa, ma graphite crucible amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga zitsulo, kuponyera, makina, ndi uinjiniya wamankhwala. Amapeza ntchito yaikulu posungunula zitsulo zazitsulo za alloy ndi kusungunula zitsulo zopanda chitsulo ndi ma aloyi ake, zomwe zimapereka phindu lodziwika bwino laukadaulo ndi zachuma.
Silicon Carbide Crucibles:
Mitsuko ya silicon carbide ndi zotengera za ceramic zooneka ngati mbale. Pamene zolimba ziyenera kutenthedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu, crucibles ndizofunikira chifukwa zimatha kupirira kutentha kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi glassware. Ma Crucibles nthawi zambiri samadzazidwa ndi kuchuluka kwake akamagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zinthu zotenthedwa kuti zisatayike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ulowe momasuka ndikuwongolera zomwe zingachitike. Chifukwa cha tsinde lawo laling'ono, ma crucibles amayikidwa pamakona atatu adongo kuti atenthedwe mwachindunji. Zitha kuyikidwa mowongoka kapena pamakona pa chitsulo chachitsulo, kutengera zofunikira zoyesera. Pambuyo pakuwotcha, ma crucibles sayenera kuikidwa nthawi yomweyo pazitsulo zozizira kuti apewe kuzizira kofulumira komanso kusweka. Mofananamo, sayenera kuikidwa mwachindunji pamtunda wamatabwa kuti ateteze kuopsa kwa moto kapena kutentha. Njira yolondola ndikulola kuti zotengerazo zizizizire mwachibadwa pazitsulo zitatu kapena kuziyika pa ukonde wa asibesitosi kuti ziziziziritsa pang'onopang'ono. Zomangira zomangira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira.
Zida za Platinum:
Mitsuko ya platinamu, yopangidwa ndi platinamu yachitsulo, imakhala ngati zida zosinthira zowunikira mosiyanasiyana ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsera zinthu zopanda zitsulo, monga kupanga magalasi a fiber ndi kujambula magalasi.
Iwo sayenera kukumana ndi:
Zinthu zolimba monga K2O, Na2O, KNO3, NaNO3, KCN, NaCN, Na2O2, Ba(OH)2, LiOH, etc.
Aqua regia, mayankho a halogen, kapena mayankho omwe amatha kupanga ma halojeni.
Zosakaniza zazitsulo zochepetseka mosavuta ndi zitsulo zomwezo.
Mpweya wokhala ndi silicates, phosphorous, arsenic, sulfure, ndi mankhwala awo.
Zida za Nickel:
Kusungunuka kwa faifi tambala ndi 1455 digiri Celsius, ndipo kutentha kwa chitsanzo mu nickel crucible sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 700 Celsius kuteteza oxidation pa kutentha kwambiri.
Ma crucibles a nickel amalimbana kwambiri ndi zinthu zamchere komanso dzimbiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kusungunula ma alloys achitsulo, slag, dongo, zida zokanira, ndi zina zambiri. Mitsuko ya Nickel imagwirizana ndi zotulutsa zamchere monga NaOH, Na2O2, NaCO3, ndi zomwe zili ndi KNO3, koma siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi KHSO4, NaHSO4, K2S2O7, kapena Na2S2O7 ndi sulfide fluxes ndi sulfure. Kusungunuka kwa mchere wa aluminiyamu, nthaka, lead, malata, ndi mercury kumapangitsa kuti zitsulo za nickel crucibles ziwonongeke. Ma crucibles a nickel sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyaka moto, ndipo borax sayenera kusungunuka mmenemo.
Ma crucibles a Nickel nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa chromium, choncho kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa pamene gawo lasokonezedwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-18-2023