Pofuna kukulitsa moyo wautali komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe agraphite crucibles, fakitale yathu yachita kafukufuku wambiri ndikufufuza pakupanga ndi kugwira ntchito kwawo. Nawa malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ma graphite crucibles:
Kusamala mwapadera pazitsulo zamtengo wapatali za graphite:
Pewani kukhudzidwa ndi mawotchi ndipo musagwe kapena kumenya crucible kuchokera kutalika. Ndi kusunga youma ndi kutali mawonekedwe chinyezi. Osagwira madzi atenthedwa ndi kuuma.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, pewani kuloza lawi lamoto pansi pa crucible. Kuyang'ana moto mwachindunji kumatha kusiya zizindikiro zakuda.
Mukatseka ng'anjo, chotsani zotsalira za aluminiyamu kapena zamkuwa kuchokera ku crucible ndipo pewani kusiya zotsalira.
Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu za acidic (monga flux) pang'onopang'ono kuti muteteze kuwononga ndi kusweka kwa crucible.
Powonjezera zinthu, pewani kugunda crucible ndipo pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamakina.
Kusunga ndi kusamutsa ma graphite crucibles:
Mitsuko ya graphite yoyera kwambiri imakhudzidwa ndi madzi, choncho iyenera kutetezedwa ku chinyontho ndi madzi.
Samalani kupewa kuwonongeka kwapamtunda. Osayika crucible mwachindunji pansi; m'malo mwake, gwiritsani ntchito mphasa kapena bolodi.
Mukasuntha crucible, pewani kuchigudubuza cham'mbali pansi. Ngati ikufunika kuzunguliridwa molunjika, ikani makatoni okhuthala kapena nsalu pansi kuti zisawonongeke kapena zilonda pansi.
Posamutsa, samalani kwambiri kuti musagwe kapena kumenya crucible.
Kuyika ma graphite crucibles:
Choyimilira (chophimba) chiyenera kukhala chofanana kapena chokulirapo ngati pansi pa crucible. Kutalika kwa nsanja kuyenera kukhala kopitilira muyeso wa lawi kuti lawi lamoto lisafike pa crucible mwachindunji.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito njerwa zomangira nsanja, njerwa zozungulira zimakondedwa, ndipo ziyenera kukhala zathyathyathya popanda kupindika. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa za theka kapena zosagwirizana, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja za graphite zomwe zimachokera kunja.
Ikani choyikapo crucible pakatikati pa kusungunuka kapena kusungunula, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito ufa wa carbon, phulusa la mpunga, kapena thonje la refractory ngati khushoni kuti crucible isamamatire pa choyimira. Mukayika crucible, onetsetsani kuti yakhazikika (pogwiritsa ntchito mzimu).
Sankhani zitsulo zoyenera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ng'anjoyo, ndipo sungani kusiyana koyenera (osachepera (40mm) pakati pa crucible ndi khoma la ng'anjo.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphira yokhala ndi chopozera, siyani danga la pafupifupi 30-50mm pakati pa njerwa ndi njerwa yotsekera pansipa. Osayika kalikonse pansi, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito thonje la refractory kuti muzitha kulumikizana pakati pa spout ndi khoma la ng'anjo. Khoma la ng'anjo liyenera kukhala ndi njerwa zosasunthika (nsonga zitatu), ndipo makatoni a malata pafupifupi 3mm okhuthala ayenera kuikidwa pansi pa crucible kuti alole kukulitsa kutentha pambuyo pakuwotha.
Kutentha ndi kuyanika kwa graphite crucibles:
Preheat crucible pafupi ndi ng'anjo ya mafuta kwa maola 4-5 musanagwiritse ntchito kuti muthe kuchotsa chinyezi kuchokera pamwamba pa crucible.
Pa zitsulo zatsopano, ikani makala kapena nkhuni mkati mwa crucible ndikuwotcha kwa maola pafupifupi anayi kuti muchotse chinyezi.
Nthawi zotenthetsera zopangira crucible yatsopano ndi izi:
0 ℃ mpaka 200 ℃: Pang'onopang'ono kwezani kutentha kwa maola anayi.
Kwa ng'anjo zamafuta: Onjezani kutentha pang'onopang'ono kwa ola limodzi, kuchokera pa 0 ℃ mpaka 300 ℃, ndipo muyenera maola 4 kuchokera pa 200 ℃ mpaka 300 ℃,
Kwa ng'anjo zamagetsi: muyenera maola 4 Kutentha nthawi kuchokera 300 ℃ mpaka 800 ℃, ndiye maola 4 kuchokera 300 ℃ mpaka 400 ℃. kuchokera 400 ℃ mpaka 600 ℃, kuwonjezera kutentha mofulumira ndi kusunga kwa 2 hours.
Pambuyo pozimitsa ng'anjo, nthawi zoyamikiridwa zoyatsanso ndi izi:
Kwa ng'anjo zamafuta ndi zamagetsi: Pamafunika 1 ola Kutentha nthawi kuchokera 0 ℃ mpaka 300 ℃. Pamafunika maola 4 Kutentha nthawi kuchokera 300 ℃ mpaka 600 ℃. Mofulumira kuonjezera kutentha kwa mlingo ankafuna.
Zida zolipirira:
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma graphite crucibles apamwamba kwambiri, yambani ndikuwonjezera zida zazing'ono zamakona musanawonjezere zidutswa zazikulu. Gwiritsani ntchito mbano kuti muyike mosamala komanso mwakachetechete zinthuzo mu crucible. Pewani kudzaza crucible kuti zisasweke.
Kwa ng'anjo zamafuta, zida zitha kuwonjezeredwa zikafika 300 ℃.
Za ng'anjo zamagetsi:
Kuyambira 200 ℃ mpaka 300 ℃, yambani kuwonjezera zida zazing'ono. Kuyambira 400 ℃ kupita mtsogolo, pang'onopang'ono onjezani zida zazikulu. Powonjezera zinthu panthawi yopanga mosalekeza, pewani kuziwonjezera pamalo omwewo kuti mupewe oxidation pakamwa pa crucible.
Kwa ng'anjo zamagetsi zotchinjiriza, yatsani kutentha mpaka 500 ℃ musanathire zotayidwa.
Kusamala mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma graphite crucibles:
Gwirani zinthu mosamala poziwonjezera ku crucible, kupewa kuyika mwamphamvu kuti musawononge crucible.
Kwa ma crucible omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza kwa maola 24, moyo wawo ukhoza kuwonjezedwa. Kumapeto kwa tsiku la ntchito ndi kutsekedwa kwa ng'anjo, zinthu zosungunuka mu crucible ziyenera kuchotsedwa kuti ziteteze kulimbitsa ndi kukulitsa kotsatira, zomwe zingayambitse kusokonezeka kwa crucible kapena kusweka.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zosungunula (monga FLLUX yazitsulo za aluminiyamu kapena borax pazitsulo zamkuwa), zigwiritseni ntchito mosamala kuti musawononge makoma a crucible. Onjezani othandizira pamene aluminiyumu imasungunuka ili pafupi mphindi 8 kuti isadzaze, ndikuyambitsa pang'onopang'ono kuti zisagwirizane ndi makoma a crucible.
Zindikirani: Ngati chosungunulira chili ndi sodium (Na) yopitilira 10%, pafunika crucible yapadera yopangidwa ndi zinthu zinazake.
Kumapeto kwa tsiku lililonse la ntchito, pamene crucible idakali yotentha, chotsani mwamsanga zitsulo zilizonse zomwe zimamatira ku makoma a crucible kuti muteteze zotsalira zambiri, zomwe zingakhudze kutentha kwa kutentha ndikutalikitsa nthawi yowonongeka, kuchititsa kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha ndi kusweka kwa crucible.
Ndibwino kuti muwone momwe crucible ilili pafupifupi miyezi iwiri iliyonse pazitsulo za aluminiyamu (mlungu uliwonse pazitsulo zamkuwa). Yang'anani kunja kwa kunja ndikuyeretsa chipinda cha ng'anjo. Kuonjezera apo, tembenuzani crucible kuti muwonetsetse kuti ngakhale kuvala, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa moyo wa zitsulo zoyera kwambiri za graphite.
Potsatira malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito awa, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukulitsa moyo wawo komanso luso la ma graphite crucibles, kuwonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito amasiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-10-2023