Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zabwino Kwambiri pa Crucible?

Mu gawo la zitsulo, chemistry, ndi sayansi yakuthupi, kusankha koyeneracruciblezakuthupi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira bwino kwa njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pazitsulo zotentha kwambiri mpaka kaphatikizidwe kazoumba ndi magalasi apamwamba. Pali zida zingapo za crucible zomwe zilipo, chilichonse chili ndi zida zake komanso zopindulitsa. Tiyeni tifufuze mwatsatanetsatane zida zabwino za crucibles:

 

Zithunzi za Quartz

 Ma quartz crucibles, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku silika wosakanikirana kwambiri, amadziwika ndi mikhalidwe yawo yapadera. Amachita bwino kukana kutentha kwambiri, kupirira zowononga za asidi ndi maziko, komanso kukhala okhazikika pansi pa kutentha kwambiri. Ma crucibles awa amapeza niche yawo pakusungunula zitsulo zoyera kwambiri monga silicon, aluminiyamu, ndi chitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhathamiritsa kwawo kwapamwamba kwamafuta kumathandizira kusungunula bwino. Komabe, khalidwe lapamwamba la quartz limabwera pamtengo wapamwamba.

 

Zojambula za Ceramic

Ma crucibles a ceramic amaphatikiza magulu awiri akulu: aluminium oxide ceramics ndi zirconium oxide ceramics. Ma crucibles awa amapereka kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kusasunthika kwamankhwala, kuwapangitsa kukhala zosankha zosiyanasiyana zosungunula zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza zitsulo, magalasi, zoumba, ndi zina zambiri. Komabe, kukana kwawo kutentha kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi ma crucibles a quartz, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kwambiri pazinthu zosungunuka zomwe zili pansi pa 1700 ° C.

 

Zithunzi za Graphite Crucibles

Ma graphite crucibles ndi ma workhorses a kutentha kwambiri, malo opanikizika kwambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati zida zofunika pa kafukufuku wazitsulo ndi mankhwala. Ma crucibles awa amapezeka m'mitundu iwiri yayikulu: graphite yachilengedwe ndi graphite yopanga. Ma graphite crucibles achilengedwe amadzitamandira kukhazikika kwamafuta komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, komwe kuli koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu. Kumbali inayi, zopangira ma graphite crucibles zimakhala zotsika mtengo koma zimatha kuchepetsedwa pang'ono kukhazikika komanso kukana dzimbiri.

 

Zida Zachitsulo

Zitsulo zachitsulo zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, molybdenum, platinamu, ndi zina. Ndizomwe mungasankhe pochita ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri kapena zikakumana ndi acidic kwambiri kapena zamchere. Ma crucibles achitsulo amawonetsa kukana kwamphamvu kwa dzimbiri ndikusunga bata modabwitsa. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumalumikizidwa ndi mtengo wokwera poyerekeza ndi zida zina zomangira.

 

Summary

Tkusankha kwa crucible zinthu kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi zinthu zenizeni zomwe zikukonzedwa komanso momwe zimasungunuka. Mtundu uliwonse wa crucible umapereka ubwino wake ndi zofooka zake, ndipo kusankha yoyenera ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti tipeze zotsatira zogwira mtima komanso zapamwamba pazochitika zazitsulo, chemistry, ndi sayansi yakuthupi.