Kuwulula malo osangalatsa osungunuka a diamondi ndi graphite

Tsegulani:

Diamondi ndigraphitendi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya carbon yomwe yatenga malingaliro athu kwa zaka mazana ambiri.Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe awo ochititsa chidwi komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale, zinthuzi zili ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimawasiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake.Chimodzi mwa zinthuzi ndi malo awo osungunuka.Mu positi iyi blog, ife'Tidzayang'ana dziko losangalatsa la diamondi ndi graphite, ndikuwunika zinthu zomwe zimakhudza momwe amasungunuka ndikuwulula mawonekedwe awo apadera.

 Malo osungunuka a diamondi:

Ma diamondi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mfumu ya miyala yamtengo wapatali ndipo amadziwika chifukwa cha kuuma kwawo komanso kukongola kwake.Komabe, zikafika pa malo osungunuka, diamondi amawonetsa kukana kutentha modabwitsa.Mofanana ndi kuwala kwake kochititsa chidwi, mamolekyu a diamondi amathandiza kwambiri kuti adziwe momwe amasungunuka.

Dongosolo la diamondi limapangidwa ndi ma atomu a kaboni opangidwa mu tetrahedral pattern.Netiweki yamphamvu ya mbali zitatu imeneyi siwonongeka mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti diamondi ikhale yosungunuka kwambiri.Daimondi imalimbana ndi kutentha modabwitsa, ndipo imasungunuka pafupifupi madigiri 3,550 Celsius (6,372 degrees Fahrenheit).Ndi malo osungunuka awa, diamondi imatha kupirira kutentha kwakukulu, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana za mafakitale, monga zida zodulira ndi malo otentha kwambiri.

 Malo osungunuka a graphite:

Mosiyana kwambiri ndi diamondi, graphite ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri ndi mamolekyu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo otsika kwambiri osungunuka.Graphite imakhala ndi zigawo za maatomu a kaboni opangidwa mwadongosolo la hexagonal, kupanga ma flakes otsatizana.Mapepalawa amagwiridwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu zofooka za intermolecular, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusokoneza dongosolo la latisi likatenthedwa.

Mapangidwe a mamolekyu a graphite amapangitsa kuti magetsi azikhala bwino kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi zokometsera chifukwa cha kuterera kwa zigawo zake.Komabe, graphite ndi diamondi zili ndi malo otsika osungunuka.Graphite ili ndi malo osungunuka pafupifupi 3,500 digiri Celsius (6,332 madigiri Fahrenheit) ndipo imakhala ndi kutentha kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi diamondi.

Chifukwa chiyani kusiyana uku kuli kofunika:

Kumvetsetsa kusungunuka kwa diamondi ndi graphite ndikofunikira pazifukwa zingapo.Kuchokera kumalingaliro asayansi, zikuwonetsa kuti kaboni imawonetsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi potengera dongosolo lake pamlingo wa mamolekyulu.Kuphatikiza apo, makampani amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi kusankha mtundu woyenera wa kaboni kuti agwiritse ntchito, potero kukulitsa luso komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Ngakhale kuti diamondi ndi graphite zili ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, mamolekyu awo osiyanasiyana ndi zotsatira zake zimapereka mwayi wosiyanasiyana wogwiritsira ntchito.Kusungunuka kwa diamondi kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri m'malo ovuta, pomwe malo osungunuka a graphite amawonjezera kukwanira kwake pamagwiritsidwe ntchito omwe amafunikira mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mafuta.

In mapeto:

Mwachidule, malo osungunuka a diamondi ndi graphite ndi mbali yochititsa chidwi ya mitundu yodabwitsa ya carbon.Kusiyanaku kumakhala koonekeratu chifukwa diamondi ili ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri pamene graphite ili ndi malo otsika kwambiri osungunuka.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma molekyulu a carbon cousin awapaapatseni katundu wapadera ndikuwapanga kukhala chida chofunikira pamafakitale osiyanasiyana.Pomvetsetsa ma nuances omwe amasungunuka, titha kuphunzira zambiri za dziko lodabwitsa la diamondi ndi graphite, kukulitsa kuyamikira kwathu mikhalidwe yawo yapadera.